1. It was published by Electronic Arts and released for Microsoft Windows on January 22, 2002, in North America and on February 15, 2002, in Europe. Aspyr published the Mac OS X version released later that year in August. A Linux version was released in 2004.
2. Minimum: OS: Windows 10 (64 bit) Processor: AMD / Intel CPU running at 3.0 GHz or higher: AMD Kaveri A10-7850K or Intel Pentium DualCore G3220 or newer is recommended / Ryzen 5 2400G (for systems using an integrated GPU) Memory: 8 GB RAM Graphics: AMD/NVIDIA dedicated graphics card, with at least 4GB of dedicated VRAM and with at least DirectX 11.0 and Shader Model 5.1 support.

Tumor assessments were conducted every 6 weeks for the first 36 weeks and every 9 weeks thereafter. Major efficacy outcome measure was overall survival (OS) in the first 850 randomized patients and OS in the subgroup of patients with PD-L1-expressing tumors (defined as ≥ 1% PD-L1 expression on tumor cells TC or immune cells IC).

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Case Report Posters

Cerebral Invasion Mac Os 11

Faculty Advisor(s)

Michael Fillyaw

Description

795,000 people experience a stroke yearly, making it the leading cause of long-term disability, costing $34 billion. Strokes affecting the middle cerebral artery (MCA) cause impairments of strength, sensation, coordination, and balance of the contralateral side. Recovery from stroke is affected by premorbid status. Cardiovascular disease causes a majority of strokes. The purpose of this case report is to describe a progressive PT plan of care for a patient following MCA stroke with multiple comorbidities in the skilled nursing setting.

Publication Date

12-4-2016

Disciplines

Physical Therapy

Related Materials

The case report paper for this poster can be found here:

Preferred Citation

Lewis, Darien, 'Functional Training In A Patient With Middle Cerebral Artery Stroke With Multiple Comorbidities: A Case Report' (2016). Case Report Posters. Poster 87.
https://dune.une.edu/pt_studcrposter/87

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Abstract

Global and regional deficits in cerebral blood flow are reported with concussions, a major public health concern, with approximately 3.8 million incidences occurring annually in the United States alone. Recent studies have identified an increased risk of musculoskeletal injuries in athletes upon return-to-play. Complexity index is a sensitive marker of postural control, with low complexity index indicating a poor physiological adaptation to stress. PURPOSE: Twofold; 1. Examine complexity index and dynamic cerebral autoregulation (dCA) at rest and during physical stress (rhythmic squatting) in collegiate athletes following a concussion in comparison to non-injured controls. 2. Examine the association between complexity index and dCA. METHODS: Athletes (20±1 years) with sports-related concussions were tested on days 3 (N=33), 21 (N=29), and 90 (N=21) following the injury. Controls (N=27) were assessed at one time-point. Continuous mean arterial pressure (MAP) (finger photoplethysmography) and middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity (MCAV) (2 MHz transcranial Doppler ultrasonography) were obtained at rest for 6 minutes and during physical stress (squatting at 0.1Hz frequency) for 5 minutes. Transfer function analysis of beat-to-beat MAP and MCAV oscillations in the low frequency (LF, 0.07-0.20 Hz) range was utilized to assess dCA. Effective dCA dampens the fluctuations in MCAV in response to MAP oscillations, resulting in a low LF gain. Multiscale entropy analysis was used to determine complexity index from the center of pressure data obtained during quiet standing with eyes closed on a force platform. Two-sample Mann Whitney U test was used to compare data between control and concussed athletes at the three time points. Spearman correlation was used to examine the association between the variables. RESULTS: LF gain at rest was higher on day-3 (1.27±0.4U; p=0.007), and day-21 (1.27±0.5U; p=0.03) compared to the controls (1.03±0.2U). Similar findings were observed in LF gain with physical stress (day-3 p= 0.003; day-21 p=0.001). Postural complexity index was lower on day-3 (4.3±1.3U; p=0.004) and day-21 (4.5±1.1U; p=0.02) compared to the controls (5.4±1.4U). Moreover, a negative association was observed between complexity index and LF gain at rest (β= -0.66, p= 0.04) and during squatting (β= -1.53, p= 0.02). CONCLUSION: The findings confirm impairments in cerebral autoregulation and postural control during the acute and subacute recovery phases following a concussion despite symptom resolution. In addition, poor functional outcome, such as postural control, may be associated with alterations in cerebral blood flow regulation in this population. Tracking cerebral autoregulation during recovery phase may help in preventing musculoskeletal injuries in athletes after return-to-play following a concussion.

Recommended Citation

Reichow, Abigail L.; McCredie, Madison; Stokes, Mathew; Bell, Kathleen R.; and Purkayastha, Sushmita (2020) 'Impairments in Cerebral Autoregulation is Associated with Postural Control in Sports Related Concussion,' International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings: Vol. 2 : Iss. 12 , Article 74.
Available at: https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/ijesab/vol2/iss12/74

Included in

Cerebral Invasion Mac Os Catalina

Health and Physical Education Commons, Medical Education Commons, Sports Sciences Commons

To view the content in your browser, please download Adobe Reader or, alternately,
you may Download the file to your hard drive.

NOTE: The latest versions of Adobe Reader do not support viewing PDF files within Firefox on Mac OS and if you are using a modern (Intel) Mac, there is no official plugin for viewing PDF files within the browser window.